Kya Aurto ko likhna parhna sikhana haraam hai?

Sawaal: Kuch ulama e kaha ke jaayez hai. Magar jo Fatawa e razaviya vol 22 page 222 me risala hai. Murujun ija le khurujin isa usme to mamnoo samajh me aa raha hai. Thodi wazahat farma dein. Jawaab: Aurto ko likhna sikhana Makrooh hai, Is ki Asl Imam Baihaqi ki Bayan Ki hui wo Hadees hai jo Unho e Sha’bul Iman me Hazrat Aisha Siddeeqa Razi-Allahu Ta’ala Anha se Naql ki hai ke n”Rasoolullah ﷺ Sallallahu Ta’ala Alayhi Wa Sallam e Farmaya Aurato ko Baala Khaano par a basaao, aur unhe likhna a sikhaao, aur kaatna sikhaao aur Surah e Noor ki Ta’leem do” Magar ye (Mana Karna) Tanzeehi hai. n(1) Hadees me Sanad o Matan ke lehaaz se Suboot e Shakki, Isbaat e Qata’i aur Talab e Kaff, Jaazim hai. Jisse karaahat e Tanzeehi ka suboot hota hai. n(2) Kitaabat (likhna) koi aisi cheez ahi jo Haraam li zaatihi ho (yaani jis ki bina par likhna haraam ho). Balke Fi Nafsihi likhna to ek acchi cheez hai. Uske andar karaahat ek khaariji Amr (fitne ka ehtemaal) ki waja se hai. n(3) Mazkoora Hadees me ye bhi hai ke n”Unhe Kaatna sikhaao aur Surah e Noor ki Ta’leem do”. Isme Hukm Istehbab ke liye hai Na ke Waajib hai. Aur Is baat se Mana karna ke n”unhe Baala Khaano me a basaao” Iska Tanzeehi hona bhi suboot hai. Jiski tauzeeh ye hai ke Hadees me 2 cheezo se roka gaya hai, aur 2 cheezo ka Hukm diya gaya hai. n(1) aurato ko baala khaane me thehraane aur n(2) unhe likhne ki ta’leem dene ki Mumaana’at hai. Aur (1) kaatna sikhaane aur n(2) surah e Noor ki Ta’leem dene ka Hukm hai. Zaahir hai ke yahan Amr (Hukm) apne Asli Ma’na (wujoob) me Musta’mal ahi. Kyuke Khaas “Surah e Noor ki Ta’leem” aur Kaatna Sikhana Waajib ahi. Balke pehle me Hukm Istehbaab ke taur par hai (yaani surah oor ki ta’leem Mustahab hai) aur dosre me Ibaahat ke liye hai (yaani kaatna sikhaana mubaah hai). Yuhi Aurato ko Baala Khaane me Thehrana Na Jaayez o Haraam ahi. Balke Fitne ke ehtemaal ki waja se Makrooh hai aur ye Karaahat tanzeehi hai, a ke tahreemi. Haan! Jahan Fitne ka Khauf Sahih Ho yaqeenan Karaahat Tahreemi hogi. Lekin Agar Baala Khaane me thehrana Fitne ka Ehtemaal a rakhta ho to bilkul karaahat a hogi. Aaj ke zamaane me jab ke Shahro aur Qasbo me kai kai Manzilo (floors) ki imaaratein (buildings) hoti hain aur Lakho ki Ta’dad me log apne Ahl o Ayaal ke sath upar ki manzil me Rehte hain. Balke eeche ke muqaable me upar ki manzil me rehna Jaan o Maal ki Hifazat ke liye zyada Mauzu hai jaisa ke Hum Mushaahda karte hai. To is surat me Baala Khaane (upari manzil) me Aurato ko Thehraane me Fitne ka Ehtemaal Nahi. Lehaaza Karaahat bhi ahi. Haan jahan Ek Manzil ki imaaratein zyada hon aur Baala Khaane waale makanaat bahot hi kam hon to wahan Aurato ko Baala Khaane me Thehraana Fitne ke Ehtemaal ki waja se Makrooh hoga aur jis tarah ka Ehtemaal hoga Mumaana’at ka hukm bhi waisa hi Hoga. Qareeb Qareeb yahi surat “Kitaabat e Niswaan” (Aurato ko Likhna sikhaana) me bhi hai. Agarche Kitaabat Acchi cheez hai. Qur’an e Pak me Irshad hua n(Jisne Qalam se Likhna Sikhaaya) Hadees e Paak me Aulaad ke Huqooq me Ta’leem e Kitaabat ko bhi shumar farmaaya n(Ke Haq e Aulaad me se ye bhi hai ke Waalid use Likhna sikhaaye). Lekin! Chunke Aurato ke Kitaabat Seekhne me Fitne ka ehtemaal hai. Ke wo Khat o Kitaabat ke Zariye Gairo se Rasm o Rawaah kar sakti hai. Isliye Zaraaye (Raasto) ko band karne ke taur par Mana kiya gaya. Magar ye Mumaana’at Tahreemi ahi. Balke Karaahat Tanzeehi ke taur par hai. Isi liye Shaikh Ahmad Shahabuddeen Makki Ne “Fatawa Hadeesiyah” me saraahat ki hai. …. Jin Ulama e Kitaabat e Niswaan ke Ta’alluq se “Mana” ka lafz istemaal farmaaya hai. Unho e isi Tanzeehi par Mamnoo ka itlaaq kiya hai. Fatawa Razaviyyah Me ek jagah ye Hukm hai ke “Aurato, Larkiyo ko Likhna Sikhana Mana hai” Dosri Jagah ye Hukm Darj hai “Larkiyo ko Likhna Sikhaana Makrooh”. Dono Ibaarato ka Matlab ek hai. Yaani Mamnoo makrooh par Mahmool hai. Haan Agar kahin Ehtemaal e Fitna ka Galba ho to Karaahat Tahreem Ke liye hogi. Garz Hukm ka Daar o Madaar Fitne ke ehtemaal par hai. Agar Fitna ka Ehtemaal Muntafi ho (na paya jaaye) to illat a hone ki waja se Mumaana’at ka Hukm bhi Nahi Rahega. Aur Kitaabat (Likhne) ka Ilm Bilaa Karaahat Jaayez hoga. Jaisa ke Sahaabiyaat me Ummul Momineen Hazrat AISHA SIDDEEQAH, HAZRAT HAFSAH, HAZRAT SHIFA BINT ABDULLAH, AISHA BINT TAL’HA Razi-Allhu Anhunna wagairaha Ne Kitaabat ka Ilm Seekha aur is se unho e Islam ki Badi Khidmaat Anjaam di. Iske baad ke zamaano me bhi bahot si aisi Auratein milti hain jinho e Ilm e Kitaabat seekha, HAZRAT AISHA BINT AHMAD QARTABI, MUSH’HIDA BINT AHMAD DENORI, FATIMA BINT ALAUDDEEN SAMARQANDI, MARYAM BINT YA’QOOB ANSARI, FATIMA BINT QAZI MAHMOOD wagairahaa apne waqt ki behtreen kaatibah (writer) theen. Inka likhna Aisi dhaki chupi baat a thi ke inke zimmedaaro ko khabar a ho. Lehaaza ye baat daleel hai ke in hazraat ke azdeek “Kitabat e Niswaan” Mutlaqan Mamnu o Makrooh a thi. Balke Fitne ka ehtemaal a hone ki waja se ye log jawaaz ke qaayel the. Shifa bint Abdullah Kehti hain ke “Main Ummul Momineen Hazrat Hafsah ke paas thi itne me Rasool ﷺ e Paak Sallallahu Ta’ala Alayhi Wa Sallam Tashreef laaye aur Irshad farmaya “Kya Hafsah ko Namla ka Mantar a Sikhaayegi. Jaise use Likhna Sikhaaya” Imam Hakim e Mustadrak me is Hadees ko Sahih Kaha hai. Is Hadees ke Tahet Mulla Ali رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُ Qari e Khattabi se Adam عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ e Karaahat ka Qaul Naql kiya hai phir us par Mana Waarid kiya hai. Sahaabiyaat ke ilaawa bahot si Jaleelul Qadr Faqeeha, Aabida, Zaahida aurato e bhi a sirf Likhna seekha balke Unke Husn e Kitabat ka Tazkirah Muarrikheen e kiya hai. Is liye Faisla kun baat yehi kahi ja sakti hai ke Jahan Ehtemaal e Fitna a ho wahaan Hadees e Jawaaz par Amal hoga aur jahan Fitne ka andesha ho Hadees e Mumaana’at par Amal hoga. Note: Aaj Jab ke Khat o Kitaabat se Ziyaada Mobile Phones wagaira Raabte (Contacts) ke Mazboot Aur Chupe hue Zaraaye Wujood me Aa chuke hain Aur Khat wagaira likhna to Taqreeban khatam ho chuka hai. Baher Haal is zamaane me khat o kitaabat ke “zariya” banne ki wo Ahmiyat ahi jo Guzishta zamaano me thi. Aur jab koi zariya fitne ke ehtemaal me qawi (mazboot) rahega Hukm e Mumaana’at me Shiddat Rahegi. Aur Jab wahi Zariya zamaane ke badalne ki waja se mazboot a reh jaye to Hukm e Mumaana’at bhi Halka ho jaayega. Balke agar wo zariya taqreeban khatam ya Kam yaab ho to Hukm e Mumaana’at bhi uth jaayega. Iska Matlab ye ahi ke “Khat o Kitaabat” Is zamaane me Gairo se Rasm o Rawaah ka Zariya ahi hai. Lekin Itna zarur hai ke Dosre Posheeda Zaraaye iblaag ki waja se ab iski wo haisiyat ahi jo pehle thi. AL HAASIL agar Khaandaani ya Shaksi Halaat ke Pesh e Nazar Aurato ko Likhna Sikhaane me Mutlaqan Fitne ka Ehtemaal a ho to Jaayez hoga. Aur Agar Ehtemaal ho to Ehtemaal ke Mutaabiq Hukm e Karaahat hoga. Wa-Allahu Ta’ala A’lam n

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Khalifa-e-Huzoor Tajushshariah
Mufti Maqsood Akhtar Qadri Razvi Amjadi
Khadim – Dar al-Ifta Ridawi Amjadi
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